Chelsea striker Costa was overlooked for selection at Euro 2016 this summer but scored twice on his competitive international return as Spain beat Liechtenstein 8-0 last month.
The 27-year-old has already netted six times for Chelsea this season, having struggled for form during much of the previous campaign.
Manchester United's David De Gea and Manchester City's David Silva make up Spain's Premier League contingent for this World Cup 2018 qualifier at the Juventus Stadium.
#EuropeanQualifiers #WorldCup2018
— Nazionale Italiana (@Vivo_Azzurro) October 6, 2016
Gli 11 #Azzurri per #ItaliaSpagna! ������������������������
Tv #RaiUno#Nazionale #Italia #Azzurri #ITASPA #ITAESP pic.twitter.com/Y0NvgaEDpg
OFICIAL | ¡A por todas contra Italia! ¡Ya tenemos equipo! ¡¡VAMOS, VAMOS, VAMOS!! #VamosEspaña #ITAESP pic.twitter.com/TstN6VoWBu
— Selección Española (@SeFutbol) October 6, 2016
De Gea has been the nation's No. 1 for over two years now and was barely tested in the drubbing of Liechtenstein last month.
He has kept just two clean sheets in nine appearances for United this season.
Silva plays off Costa but there is no place for City team-mate Nolito, who is on the bench.
Silva, 30, has not scored in his last six appearances for City and boasts just two assists from the domestic campaign.
Graziano Pelle maintains his place up front for Italy despite plying his club trade in China.
Juventus centre-back Leonardo Bonucci is without his club partner Giorgio Chiellini, who was sent off in the Azzurri's 3-1 win over Israel last month, and so 21-year-old Alessio Romagnoli makes his international debut in a three-man defence.
Italy: Buffon, Barzagli, Bonucci, Romagnoli, Florenzi, Parolo, De Rossi, Montolivo, De Sciglio, Eder, Pelle.
Spain: De Gea, Carvajal, Ramos, Pigue, Alba, Busquets, Koke, Iniesta, Vitolo, Silva, Costa.